Ozone Regulations Essays - Smog, Environment, Air Pollution, Gases

Ozone Regulations In 1997 the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) established new ozone standards. The EPA also placed special restrictions on twenty-two states in the Ohio Valley and Midwest regions to prevent emissions from coal-burning power plants from being carried into the New England States by wind currents. (Tennessee is one of these twenty-two states.) Both of these rulings were recently either struck down or placed on hold by Federal Appeals Courts. Why: The regulations put into place in 1997 by the EPA were more restrictive than the 1990 standards. The regulations limit the amount of ground level ozone and fine particle pollution permitted. Ground level ozone is produced by nitrogen oxide(NOx) which is created by burning fossil fuels. Since gasoline and diesel are both fossil fuels, then NOx is a major component of automobile emissions. Several members of the trucking and fossil fuel industries, as well as members of the twenty-two state region, have challenged the regulations in Federal Court and have been successful in blocking the implementation of the new rules. In the past two months, two separate Federal Court Of Appeals panels have ruled that the EPA's authority to establish clean air standards is not properly delegated by Congress under the Clean Air Act. Therefore, since the EPA is a part of the Executive branch of government and not the Legislative, they have no authority to produce regulations on their own. The plaintiffs in the case also argued that the amount of pollution a person can tolerate has not been established and until it is the EPA should not make the current regulations more restrictive. How: The main actors in this event are the American Trucking Associations and their fellow plaintiffs, the twenty-two state coalition, the EPA, and the Federal Appeals Court. Why would the American Trucking Associations and other fossil fuel burning industries want to limit the EPA's authority? What do they have to gain? Last year, according to the EPA's own press release detailing their enforcement efforts in fiscal year 1998, the EPA referred 266 criminal cases to the Department of Justice, as well as 411 civil court cases. Approximately half of the civil cases required violators to change the way they manage their facilities or to reduce their emissions or discharges. The EPA also assessed almost $93 million dollars in criminal fines and another $92 million in civil penalties. In addition to fines and penalties, polluters spent over $2 billion dollars to correct violations. Not included in this estimate would be the legal expenses incurred or the advertising and marketing costs required to mend a damaged pubic relations image. Clearly it is in the industries' best financial interest if the regulations are less restrictive. Many companies that spent large amounts of money to meet the 1990 Clean Air Act standards would have to spend even more to meet the amended 1997 standards. Do the states in the twenty-two state region have another reason to argue against the standards? According to Sean Cavanagh's article in the April 4, 1999 edition of the Chattanooga Times/Free Press, Atlanta lost $700 million in federal roads money as a result of failing to come up with a pollution containment plan. In addition, the state of Georgia had to fund a state "superagency" to develop and enforce transit plans that meet federal standards. The states joined the industrial groups in claiming that the new standards are too strict and are unnecessary. Chattanooga is not expected to meet the new requirements by the year 2000 deadline and Chattanooga Mayor Kensey and Tennessee Governor Sundquist were two of the public officials who protested the new standards as being too strict. Are the new standards too strict? How does the EPA determine the required levels? According to the press release issued by the EPA following the court's decision, the Federal Courts are not questioning "the science and process conducted by the EPA justifying the setting of new, more protective standards." The EPA claims that their standards, which are designed to limit the affects that smog and soot have on people with respiratory problems, protect 125 million Americans including 35 million children. The Federal Courts only have issue with the constitutionality of certain parts of the Clean Air Act that allow the EPA to establish clean air regulations in the interest of public health. The EPA is recommending that the Department of Justice appeal the ruling to the US Supreme Court. Several interest groups are closely watching the case. The powerful industrial and truckers lobby groups are supporting the plaintiffs, while several environmental lobby groups and health

tradition vs modern essays

tradition vs modern essays The terms 'traditional ¡ and 'modern ¡ are so often used in conversation, and also in reference to Society, that it is a good exercise to consider what these terms do mean in a comparative light. Berman in All that is solid melts in air puts forward an interesting set of ideas in the comment that people who live in traditional ways, or in modern ones, can almost be said to occupy different states of mind. For instance, a full 500 years have passed since some peoples first met up with the influences of the more modern Western world. (1988, pp. 15-16) However, in many cases, the adjustment has still not been made, and the conflict of what is traditional and what is modern continues to occur with different impacts upon the individual, as well as the society in which he or she lives which is apt to reflect an ongoing conflict. For example, it could be said that what is lived in a remote western Chinese village differs very much from the experience that is given to human beings by life in New York City. It would be easy to state that the former was very 'backward ¡ or just very different from what is imparted by New York City, but obviously, this contrast cannot be made too neatly. The modern has arrived in mainland China, little by little, over centuries. On the other hand, what is modern or 'foreign ¡ has not been absorbed completely, and varies greatly from place to place in China. Furthermore, the systems under which modern influence did begin to arrive happened to be different from those which produced modernity in the West. In the traditional society of mainland China, western influence came only in a trickle for some time, only to coastal or other directly affected areas during the centuries of attempted European colonization of China, and afterwards, only according to what a Communist re gime has permitted to take root in the country. The dichotomy of convention also does not give much time to just what was introduc...

Biography of Artist Romare Bearden

Biography of Artist Romare Bearden   Overview Visual artists Romare Bearden portrayed African-American life and culture in various artistic mediums. Bearden’s work as a cartoonist, painter, and collage artist spanned the Great Depression and post-Civil Rights Movement. Following his death in 1988, The New York Times wrote in its obituary of Bearden that he was â€Å"one of America’s most pre-eminent artists† and â€Å"the nation’s foremost collagist.† Achievements Established the 306 Group, an organization for African-American artists in Harlem.Co-wrote the jazz classic, â€Å"Sea Breeze,† which was later recorded by Billy Eckstine and Dizzy Gillespie.Elected to the American Academy of Arts and Letters in 1966.Elected to the National Institute of Arts and Letters in 1972.Elected to the National Academy of Design as an associate member in 1978.Awarded the National Medal of Arts in 1987.Established the Bearden Foundation to provide support to young visual artists.Listed as one of Molefi Kete Asante’s 100 Greatest African Americans. Early Life and Education Romare Bearden was born on September 9, 1912 in Charlotte, N.C.   At an early age, Bearden’s family moved to Harlem. His mother, Bessye Bearden was the New York editor for the Chicago Defender. Her work as a social activist allowed Bearden to be exposed to artists of the Harlem Renaissance at an early age. Bearden studied art at New York University and as a student, he drew cartoons for the humor magazine, Medley. During this time, Bearden also freelanced with newspapers such as Baltimore Afro-American, Collier’s, and the Saturday Evening Post, publishing political cartoons and drawings. Bearden graduated from New York University in 1935. Life as an Artist Throuhgout Bearden’s career as an artist, he was heavily influenced by African-American life and culture as well as jazz music. Following his graduation from New York University, Bearden was attending the Art Students League and working with expressionist George Grosz. It was during this time that Bearden became an abstract collage artist and painter. Bearden’s early paintings often depicted African-American life in the South. His artistic style was influenced heavily by muralists such as Diego Rivera and Jose Clemente Orozco. By the 1960s, Bearden was innovative art works that incorporated acrylics, oils, tiles, and photographs. Bearden was heavily influenced by 20th century artistic movements such as cubism, social realism and abstraction. By the 1970s, Bearden continued to depict African-American life through the use of ceramic tilings, paintings and collage. For instance, in 1988, Bearden’s collage â€Å"Family,† inspired a larger artwork that was installed at the Joseph P. Addabbo Federal Building in New York City. Bearden was also heavily influenced by the Caribbean in his work. The lithograph â€Å"Pepper Jelly Lady,† portrays a woman selling pepper jelly in front of a wealthy estate. Documenting African-American Artistry In addition to his work as an artist, Bearden wrote several books on African-American visual artists. In 1972, Bearden coauthored â€Å"Six Black Masters of American Art† and â€Å"A History of African-American Artists: From 1792 to Present† with Harry Henderson. In 1981, he wrote â€Å"The Painter’s Mind† with Carl Holty. Personal Life and Death Bearden died on March 12, 1988 from complications from bone marrow. He was survived by his wife, Nanete Rohan. Legacy In 1990, Bearden’s widow established The Romare Bearden Foundation. The purpose was to preserve and perpetuate the legacy of this preeminent American artist.   In Bearden’s hometown, Charlotte, there is a street named in his honor along with a collage of glass tiles called â€Å"Before Dawn† at the local library and the Romare Bearden Park.

Strategic Management of Mango Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Strategic Management of Mango - Essay Example The company has recently introduced two new product lines, an initiative that is consistent with the company’s innovative image. Through these new product lines, the company is hoped to triumph the marketplace. Mango is a company that is characterised by strong corporate values and beliefs. These values and beliefs, translated in the company’s corporate strategy have been instrumental in the company’s effort to fight off competition and to ensure its survivability in tremendous economic crisis. The company in its years of operation has been able to develop effective communication systems and business processes. The company has used the rapidly evolving technology to its advantage by adopting these technological advancements in its business processes. Although the company is in a far better position than its competitors, but some of its biggest rivals like ZARA have successfully managed to build a business model that has allowed it to be highly responsive to its e nvironment, along with nimble and flexible operational design. These capabilities of ZARA have made it the market leader of this industry, but Mango, in no ways can be classified as a company which is far behind its market leader. The company has a very efficient logistics system that is augmenting its strong suppliers and distributions network. The company uses its own stores and franchises to reach out to its customers; however, recently the company has started using its website to further penetrate into the online market. The company has also launched two new product lines, one targeting men and the other targeting VIPs. These new product lines along with a mature product line of female wear are presumed to generate the future profitability of the company. Advantages of the Business Model of Mango: The most important aspects of the company’s business model have been its logistics system. This system has proved to be a defining point for the company. This logistics system h as helped the company to deliver its finished goods from production centres to distribution centres in 4 days. Even though this is not better than ZARA’s four day delivery system but still it is very close to the best practice of the industry leader. The company has a strong network of professionals, who are working very hard to anticipate the future of the company’s market. Other than this the training methods of the company for the point of sale employees has been very effective in creating customer loyalty. Mango has been very effective when it comes to managing its relationship with its suppliers, who are spread across the globe. The systems in place have been very helpful in integrating the value chain of Mango with its suppliers and other channel partners. The most important reason for company’s success has been its ability to take innovative initiatives. Recently the company has initiated a method through which it would cut out its distribution activity f rom its value chain. In this initiative the manufactured products would be directly sent to the company’s selling points without going to the distribution centres, this means that these finished products would leave directly from the manufacturers’ factory to the stores. This will enable the company to implement its cost cutting strategy with greater

Description Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Description - Essay Example However, bees are the most prevalent or common because these can be breed (raised and propagated in artificial hives) and perform the pollination function much more efficiently compared to other insects, animals, or so-called carriers of pollen or termed as vectors. Bees are very important to human survival, because without them, pollination cannot take place and many products in agriculture, such as fruits and vegetables, will not be available if not for the bees. However, it is also alarming that bees themselves are under serious environmental threats. It is estimated some $40 billion to $50 billion worth of agricultural products are due to the pollination activities of these bees (Abrol 762). Bees are very crucial for survival of the human species. Discussion Besides pollination, bees are also well known for their honey. I remember when I was still a young kid, my mom used to make me eat honey at breakfast. I can still very vividly recall its sweet taste in my mouth; among the sug ars available from Mother Nature, it is honey that has most health (anti-bacterial) beneficial effects. People today are more health conscious as compared to earlier generations; honey as a natural sweetener is much better to the artificial sweeteners in the supermarkets today (Chepulis 37); whenever I see honey, I remember bees. Since ancient times, honey has been considered to have medicinal properties, but it is only now, with the use of modern science, that its chemical composition has been analyzed to know what makes honey a powerful tonic, and even as an aphrodisiac. Science has confirmed the firm belief of the people in antiquity that honey contains many of the elements essential for good health, among them anti-oxidants amino acids, vitamins, and minerals (Sharma 14). One can eat plenty of honey without getting the ailments associated with sugars or sweets such as diabetes, heart diseases, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and vascular diseases. I was walking home one day when I heard a persistent buzzing sound. At first, I did not know immediately what it was; I had originally thought I just imagined hearing the sound, a buzzing sound in my ears, because there is something wrong with my hearing. Only later on did I realize a big bee was buzzing and flitting from flower to flower in our home garden. This garden has been planted with a variety of flowers, and the bee made great use of the spring. It flew among the red flowers, sipping the nectar of each bud and seemed tremendously happy. What a sight it was! A bee is very graceful when flying; its wings beat at 190-250 times per second! (Micucci 28). This frequency can be compared with the wing beats of a butterfly (4-20 times per second, while the fly beats its wings at 1,000 times a second). A honey bee actually has two pairs of wings, and its wings are so small compared to its body weight, it is defying both the laws of gravity and aerodynamics because of so much energy from honey! Honey bees are one of the most useful insects in the world, and it is difficult to have a good harvest without them pollinating all the flowers of the fruits and vegetables. The apple is an example, without bees pollinating their blossoms, no apple can be produced. Further, a lot of people may not know it, but bees also make beeswax used for making candles (during earlier times when electricity was not yet harnessed to produce lighting); candles made from beeswax have a higher

Pitfalls of the American Dream in of Mice and Men Essay Example for Free

Pitfalls of the American Dream in of Mice and Men Essay I feel that I am a citizen of the American Dream and that the revolutionary struggle against the American nightmare. † This quote by Eldridge Cleaver states that one has the right to achieve the American Dream however, there are factors that work against one trying to achieve the American Dream. In John Steinbeck’s â€Å"Of Mice And Men† , the pitfalls of the American Dreams are more effectively demonstrated in comparison to the movies directed by Gary Sinise. Towards the beginning of the movie one can easily point out differences that were not in the novel. For example, in the book, Lennie and George were aware of Curley’s arriage. â€Å"He got married a couple of weeks ago. Wife lives over in the bosss house (13). However, in the movie the men are not aware of Curley’s wife before she come into the room. This helps to give readers a hint on how this women will play a role in their failure at achieving the American Dream. In both the movie and the book, a women running for her life in a memorable red dress is presented, â€Å"He jus wanted to touch that red dress, like he wants to pet them pups all the time(3. 28-30) It is later revealed that Lennie touched her and for that he was on the run. After the introduction of Curley’s wife, one can infer that something similar will happen with her and that this women will also be a pitfall in achieving the American Dream. Thas good, he said. You drink some, George. You take a good big drink. He smiled happily. (1. 7) In this quotes from the book, the readers are lead to conclude that Lennie has mental disabilities as he can be compared to a child. In both the movie and the book, Lennie’s disabilities are displayed which can later on be a pitfall in achieving the American Dream. Run us out, hell, said George disgustedly. We run. They was ookin for us, but they didnt catch us (1. 50-55) Both the movie and the book reveal the situation that occurred in the weeds, George and Lennie’s previous Jobs. Based on events from the past, readers can foreshadow that history will repeat it self which can add to the failure in achieving the American Dream. It is clear that many do not travel together. Aint many guys travel around together, he mused. I dont know why. Maybe everbody in the whole damn world is scared of each other' (35). In both the book and the movie, Slim states that he doesn’t really see many traveling together. In the book however, a better understanding of why men don’t travel together is created. Overall this quotes from the book can aid readers to predict that George and Lennie will not stay together after all and that their friendship will be put to the test. With this being said, their dream will be at risk. The crash of the shot rolled up the hills and rolled down again (106) Towards the end of both the movie and the book, George shoots Lennie. As it was previously predicted, Lennie’s past has caught up to him as he again has violated a women. In this case he has killed Curley’s wife. Due to her death, Curley has vowed to make Lennie suffer. George felt the need to take matters into his own hands and kill Lennie. This event in both the movie and the book highlight the major pitfall of the American Dream. Now that Lennie is dead, the American Dream will not be achieved. However, the book demonstrated this pitfall by creating a better vivid image of what occurred. After analyzing both the movie and the book, one can conclude that John Steinbeck’s â€Å"Of Mice And Men† demonstrates the pitfalls of the American dream better than the move â€Å"Of Mice And Men† directed by Gary Sinise.

My Quality Education Essay -- essays research papers

My Quality Education For years I've heard that in order to succeed one has to receive a quality education. It's kind of funny though, with all the talk about the need for this great quality education nobody ever says exactly what it is. While examining this strange phenomenon I've discovered the basic universal elements of a "quality education". I've also learned that everyone has different standards by which they judge what is and what isn't a quality education, different groups are treated differently, the importance of home education and the effects that my own pursuits of education have had on me. Depending upon who you ask you will almost always receive a different response as to what the qualities of a good education are. However, most will agree that there are four basic elements to a quality education. The first and most important to our survival is the ability to compete in the job market. Without this many, if not all of us would find it impossible to play a significant role in society. Also included, but often ignored element of education is our ability to interact with others. Every day of our lives we will be required to interact with another person or many people. School provides us with the perfect opportunity to learn how to get along with others with minimal conflict. This could perhaps be the single most element of education. Education also provides us with an education of our own cultu...

Ocean Park Analysis

Located on the south side of Hong Kong Island, on 879,000 square meters of land on both sides of Brick Hill (Nam Long Shan), Ocean Park was Hong Kong’s home grown marine theme park [see Exhibit 1]. Opened in 1977, construction of the Park was funded by the Hong Kong Jockey Club on a site granted by the Hong Kong Government at a nominal premium. 2 Until 30 June 1987, Ocean Park had operated as a subsidiary of the Hong Kong Jockey Club. On 1 July 1987, the Park became a not-for-profit organization, managed by Ocean Park Corporation (OPC) incorporated under the Ocean Park Ordinance. The mandate of OPC, stipulated by the Ordinance, was to manage Ocean Park as a public recreational and educational park and to develop Ocean Park for purposes of recreation or education [see Exhibit 2]. 30 years after it first opened its gates to the public, Ocean Park had established itself as a major tourist attraction in Hong Kong endeared by tourists and locals alike [see Exhibit 3]. The mission of the Park was to provide guests with memorable experiences that combined entertainment and education, while inspiring life long learning and conservation, on a self financed basis. Each year, about 30,000 school children in Hong Kong visited the Park to learn about animals. In 2001, the Park’s research and conservation efforts on marine mammals and artificial insemination delivered two of the world’s first artificially conceive d dolphin calves. A male and a female local bred bottlenose dolphin were living with their parents in the Park’s Dolphin University.

Case Study of the Parish Church of Zejtun

Introduction What led the community to construct the Parish Church of Zejtun? Prior to the bing parish church of Zejtun, there was what is now called theOld Parish Church of Zejtun,or more normally known as theChurch of Saint Gregory, a mention name gained due to the presence of a statue of Pope Saint Gregory the Great situated near to the church. The inside informations refering the building of this church are unknown, but several architectural parts of the church indicate that parts of it were built in the 15Thursdaycentury while others have been constructed in the undermentioned century. By the terminal of the 17Thursdaycentury and the early old ages of the 18Thursdaycentury, the population of Zejtun has seen considerable growing. This growing resulted in the so parish church of Zejtun to go non fit for intent, therefore serious idea started to be made about the demand of a church which could function a turning population. The primary event that set on paths the thought of the building of a new parish church started all due to a ground that the so baronial 1s of the community strived to go good known. Therefore, with the want of going known and besides to be remembered for centuries, it was Gregorio Bonici who signed a contract which showed that a land known astal-Chasirawas to be donated to the church to function as the site to raise what would go the new parish church of A »ejtun. This contract can be said to hold been a really generous one, as the donated site, which besides had the advantage of being in the Centre of A »ejtun, could non merely be the topographic point for a new monumental church, but it besides had the infinite for a vestry, an oratory, and besides a broad church square. To reaffirm the importance that helpers gave towards their privation to be remembered during these ages, in the instance of the parish church of A »ejtun, apart from Gregorio Bonici there was before besides a nother citizen whom donated land to the church, but this land was considered as non being a preferred one due to the constrains it held and besides because of its distance off from the Centre of the town, which was truly of import at that clip since it had to function for the whole community at a clip in which there was no dependable manner of transit. Besides, the Testaferrata household, the inheritors of Gregorio Bonici, owned an communion table in the chief crypt of the church. But for baron Bonici this was non his last contribution, he wanted to be certain that this undertaking moved swimmingly and reached its’ phase of completion, therefore he continued to shoot money towards the funding of the undertaking up to a upper limit of 30 old ages after he and his married woman had died, as is found written in his secret will. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.A »ejtunparish.com/pages/r1/zepDart.asp? m=394 hypertext transfer protocol: //www.mepa.org.mt/A »ejtun The first measure to do this undertaking materialise saw its induction by the design of the celebrated designer Lorenzo Gafa’ . This can be seen in the trial study of Cocco Palmier of 1693, naming Lorenzo Gafa’ as the interior decorator of the program of the new church and which by that clip he had already started working on the eastern side of the church. Almost nil can be said sing the old ages that followed, as the consequence of research that has been made in this respect is that there are no studies on what was go oning and the advancement of the undertaking. Another of import point which leaves a nothingness when it comes to discoursing about the primary phases of building, an point which most likely has been lost, is the original set of programs of Lorenzo Gafa’ . The research done by Giulia Privitelli in her thesis ‘THE PARISH CHURCH OF ST. CATHERINE OF ALEXANDRIA IN A »EJTUN: AN ARCHITECTURAL APPRAISAL’has resulted in the determination of paperss located in the archives of the Cathedral Museum of Mdina, which although doesn’t consist of the existent programs of Gafa’ , there is a papers which lists three of import dimensions, those of the breadth and length of the nave, and besides the dimension of the transept. These dimensions are recorded inpalmiand although some disagreements can be found when it comes to change overing these dimensions to metres, they come truly close to the existent sizes. Taking as an illustration the length of the nave ( without the apsis ) , it is recorded as was supposed to be 182 palmi, which converts to 46.6m, of which there is a different of merely 1.9m from the existent size, measured as 44.5m. If we were to take these measurings as being what Gafa’s plans consisted of, the result would hold been a latin-cross form church, a signifier which was get downing to derive popularity with the Maltese community. With such information, it is normally understood that the bein g of other parts of the church, such as the side-aisles, were ulterior add-ons and non portion of Gafa’s original programs. It was the 25Thursdayof November 1692, when Gregorio Bonici and the remainder of the local community, have seen the grade of the start of the building on site, for a edifice that the locals of A »ejtun felt a great demand of. On that twenty-four hours, Bishop Cocco Palmier placed a medallion which exhibited his coat of weaponries, inside a lead box which was put at the foundation of the church. With the work of Guilia Privitelli, today we have a new position sing the architecture of the parish church of A »ejtun. Privitelli’s thesis, in contrast with the other antecedently published literature, does non merely take into consideration the early designs of Lorenzo Gafa and his artistic beginnings. The thesis takes into history ; the ulterior additions/alterations done to the church and how these additions/alterations have been affected by the already present construction. What has besides seldom been given adequate importance, is that several old ages have passed from when the undertaking started until it was wholly finished to the current signifier it is today. Throughout these old ages, the leading of this undertaking has been transferred from one individual to another, and with such alteration that already by itself brings a alteration in the manner the undertaking director thinks and plants, there is besides the factor of what became stylish and aesthetically mor e preferable at the clip of a certain building stage. When such factors are given equal importance in a published literature, so one can get down to do comparings sing the architectural designs and cosmetic inside informations that came out at different periods and under different undertaking directors. To give a farther different position, this paper will be laid out as if one doing a circuit around the parish church of A »ejtun, of which foremost the outside will be discussed and so the focal point will turn about the inside of the church. Outside As stated already earlier, the parish church of A »ejtun has the signifier of a Latin-cross, it is a church which has a size which is well bigger than those churches which have been antecedently built. One might believe that this thought of edifice in the signifier of a Latin-cross was due to the influences brought to us by the Knights of St. John. This is true, but there was besides an thought which emmerged from one of the most of import oecumenic council of theRoman Catholic Church, the Council of Trent. Although the council didn’t give instructions on the manner in which a church had to be built, it gave a form in which the chief altar-space had to be flanked by transepts which were normally made externally seeable. When discoursing about the parish church of Zejtun, one can debate about whether the church still holds a true typology of a Latin-cross or non, and this is chiefly due to the ulterior add-ons of the oratory edifice and besides the side isles which made the o utside of the church look wholly different so it was intended to be by Lorenzo Gafa.FacadeA characteristic which is frequently recognized sing the facade, is the proportion between the breadth and the tallness, in which the horizontality is greater than the breadth with a entire ratio of 1.51:1, composed of seven bays divided vertically in two equal parts ( while excepting the bell towers and the frontispiece ) . The verticalness gained through the usage of Doric pilasters on the lower grade and the Ionic pilasters straight above, which reach along the whole facade making the already celebrated seven bays, is lessened with the presence of uninterrupted entablature, therefore beef uping the already strong horizontality feature. It should be noted though that if we excluded the late extension of the sides, the facade would hold most likely consisted of merely the in-between three bays, therefore the sense of horizontality would hold been wholly non present with a tallness to width rat io wholly the antonym from the current bing facade. All three doors of the facade along with the two statue niches above the little side doors have a triangular pediment, while the stained glass window above the chief door has an arched pediment, besides it can be said that the frontispiece has a broken arched pediment. The frontispiece is made of a marble tablature written in the twelvemonth 1720, and it serves to mark the dedication of this church towards Saint Catherine of Alexandria. This frontispiece stands in the center of two statues, stand foring Saint Peter and Saint Paul, in which at first were the lone statues decorating the facade of the A »ejtun Parish Church. It was around the eightiess that the facade was besides ornamented with two other statues in the niches straight above the little side doors, allegorically portraying religion ( ‘Fede’ ) and hope ( ‘Speranza’ ) . Side-aisles It was around 1779 that the side-aisles of the A »ejtun Parish church were constructed, therefore traveling from the initial three in-between bays, to the current bing seven bays facade. At the clip during the 18Thursdaycentury, it was a known factor that churches wanted to portray a genuinely greater dominant visual aspect over the surrounding, therefore the easiest manner this could be gained, since besides the site permitted for such undertaking particularly in the instance of the parish church of A »ejtun, was the add-on of the side-aisles. The proposal for such undertaking wasn’t granted permission based on the thought that the church wanted to tag farther monumental laterality, but the issue of serious demand of sidelong support support was brought frontward based on the fright that there was the possibility that the nave could fall in. This was the idea of Giuseppe Bonnici together with a figure of designers. Although this big extension was certainly non wholly need ed to merely reenforce the nave supports, when the factors of ; viability, need for enlargement due to the turning community and besides the aesthetically pleasing visual aspect this undertaking could hold provided, were taken into consideration, the permission was to the full granted. This extension of the side-aisles brought with it several alterations, such as the little domes on the sides, which have the map of allowing visible radiation into the church along with the several stained glass Windowss on the sides of the nave. Besides there was the building of an arched buttress screen. This undertaking has normally been understood that it had been completed on the 3rdof May 1779 due to the fact that one can happen this day of the month engraved on one of the winging buttresses, which most likely was the last flying buttress to be built. Bell Towers What remains to be discussed when it comes to the west side of the church are the bell towers. It must be understood that even as said before, ab initio the facade of the parish church of A »ejtun was wholly different due to the fact that merely the nave was existing, though this doesn’t mean that there were no bell towers. When looking at the thickness of the transept walls, at their internal handbill walls it is noticed that these could hold been what remains of the bell towers that existed at the transepts. The architectural thought of making two bell oarsmans on the frontage was non really popular in the early seventeenth-century churches and Gafa’s subsequently church designs, but the Maltese were made to alter their head as this characteristic of a two-towered western frontage was implemented to the Mdina Cathedral. The ground for which the location of the bell towers of the parish church of A »ejtun was changed to the current place, is seen to be a forceful one, and the chief cause was due to the bad province in which the bell towers had ended. It is said that the component which air current forces from the north-west way. The figure of bells which have been placed in these bell towers goes up to fourteen, crossing merely over three hundred old ages. Today, the bell tower on the right houses the five to the full working bells, four of which have been produced in 2005, while another ( ‘Antonia’ ) was founded in 1947 and shill has a good tonal sound, all of which have been done by the British company John Taylor. Dome Although it has been said that the bell towers have been severely affected by the air current, up to the point of necessitating Reconstruction, on the contrary, at that clip the dome was still to the full structurally stable and didn’t demand to be changed or restored. But the current dome of the Parish Church of A »ejtun isn’t the original one which was designed by Lorenzo Gafa, alternatively, the old lantern-less dome had to be dismantled and rebuilt, based on the design of Joseph Zahra. It was in early 20Thursdaycentury that the original dome was deemed to be structurally non safe, and was therefore dismantled, with Zahra’s design taking over. Though the dome has been reconstructed ( while wholly non following Lorenzo Gafa’s design ) , the original dome membranophone has been kept. It can be easy noticed that the current dome design followed no geometrical order so as to do it a incorporate component together with the Lorenzo’s dome membranopho ne. The diameter of the dome has been recorded to be approximately 11.61m, merely about 0.04m less than the dome of the Mdina Cathedral. External Ornamentation Apart from the two rock sculptures stand foring allegorical figures of Faith and Hope which have already been discussed, one can happen another exclusion made to figurative sculptural ornament. On the North and south frontages of the church one can happen bull-like antefixa. These figures, although they are H2O spouts which have been modified, can be compared to the well-known â€Å"tongue-masks† , which are figures that are created so as to assist in maintaining off evil liquors. These type of â€Å"tongue-masks† , with broad and convex eyes and a level and widened nose have become widely popular in Malta during the stay of the Order of Saint John. During the early 19Thursdaycentury this sculptural tradition, together with its symbolic significance, started to lose its popularity within the Maltese community. Interior Upon come ining into the parish church of Zejtun, one can recognize the big proportions of the inside. When compared to churches organize the primary coevals, it can be said that the proportions of the parish church of Zejtun are of significant difference and the nave can be considered as a good illustration. The nave normally had an country which covered a span which was twice every bit long as it was broad, but in the instance of Zejtun’s church, the measuring ratio is 1:2.46, giving a stronger eastern impulse when standing on the interior. A greater nave tallness and internal light was obtained due to the attack adopted for the roofing system, which was introduced into the Maltese community by Francesco Buonamici. What can besides be noticed about the nave of the parish church of Zejtun is that it has a feature of continuity. This characteristic is present due to the Attic pilasters that follow the same perpendicular lines as those created by the elephantine pilasters at th e nave degree, making a strong signifier of integrity between the lower and upper portion of the church. During the clip in which the side-aisles were non constructed, the arches that open from the nave, integrated communion tables in them. These communion tables were subsequently moved backwards due to the extension of the side-aisles. All the side-aisles communion tables are composed in the same manner, built all in a niche-like composing, with the sidelong sides of these ‘niches’ decorated with pictures. One interesting characteristic is that they are placed within the thickness of the side-aisles’ walls, a characteristic which makes the side-altars different from the communion tables at the transepts and those of the choir. Some characteristics are common for all the communion tables of the church, even the chief communion table. All the communion tables are elevated by two stairss, keeping a symbolic significance that one must look or make upwards, doing the perceiver spiritually feel that there is a force which is much greater than him. Besides all communion tables have their ain, or portion between them, a cupola, in which instance the side-aisle’s communion tables have one cupola each, which is the same as those of the choir and the transepts, but of a smaller graduated table and which are less adorned. Eleven of the communion tables have a pleasing signifier of architectural and sculptural model, of which can be in some manner considered as being of a Baroque manner, although the communion tables of the choir and the transepts are a bit over-elaborated to be wholly considered as of the Baroque manner. Decision In decision, it can be said that when one Tours about and inside the parish church of Zejtun dedicated to Saint Catherine of Alexandria, one is touring a church of which throughout its building has fallen in the custodies of several interior decorators, most of which have influenced the concluding signifier of the church. The different custodies, and the old ages taken for the completion, have resulted in the building of a monumental edifice, a edifice of which certainly can break function as the new religious meeting topographic point for the community of Zejtun, and a memorial which the local community thinks that is the edifice which genuinely honours its dedication to Saint Catherine of Alexandria.

Examining Tricomalee Economic Center Potential For The Region Tourism Essay Example

Examining Tricomalee Economic Center Potential For The Region Tourism Essay Example Examining Tricomalee Economic Center Potential For The Region Tourism Essay Examining Tricomalee Economic Center Potential For The Region Tourism Essay Introduction Tricomalee is a 1 of the District situated in Eastern Province of Sri Lanka and besides larboard metropolis of the east seashore. Most of import portion of Trincomalee is harbour. The seaport chiefly divided into two parts. These are interior seaports and outer seaport. Approximately 40 nowadays of the population of Trincomalee territory are Muslim, 35 present Tamil and 25 nowadays are Sinhala[ 1 ]. Historical name of Trincomalee is Gokanna or Gokarna [ 2 ]. The seaport of the Trincomalee has played a major function in maritime and international trading history of Sri Lanka. 2. Sri Lanka has been affected by civil struggle between authorities and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam ( LTTE ) since 1983. With that LTTE combat for greater independency vanni. After Cease Fire Agreement ( CFA ) was signed in February 2002, the state of affairs in the state started bettering. But in 2005 interrupting the CFA started contribute services in misdemeanor. 3. On the land, Trincomalee territory had controlled partially by the LTTE and partially by the authorities. But now the whole territory is under the Sri Lanka authorities after intense combat for the last few old ages. The authorities officially celebrated triumph of defeated in Sri Lanka on 18th may 2009. 4. The chief economic activities in Trincomalee are, Tourism, Fisheries, Multipurpose Industries like Prima, IOC and Natural Resources like Mineral sand, seaport, aˆÂ ¦etc. 5. Fisheries used to convey important income to Trincomalee and provided employment chances. The productiveness decreased in resent old ages dueto limitations done by piscary industry. But today removed all the limitations all sectors. 6. Tourism was besides a ample industry in Trincomalee country. The figure of working hotels has reduced due to war and their trade is largely commercial instead than touristry. Ending civil struggle touristry industry start to develop in country. 7. Operation of multipurpose industries actively participate development of Trincomalee. As a illustration Prima Company gives 720 occupation chances to people, Mitsui Cement gives 300 occupations and IOC gives 160 occupations in people and besides SLPA, Trincomalee gives 507 occupations in country. 8. Trincomalee is a 1 of the richest in natural resources in country. These resources are mineral littorals, seaport, beautiful beaches and seven hot springs in Kanniya. But soon non utilize these resources decently. Chapter 2 Methodology STATEMENT OF PROBLEM 1. When Trincomalee utilizing as an economic Centre of the part, of import countries are, Tourism Industry, Fishing Industry and multipurpose Industries ( Prima, IOC, Mitsui Cement, Mineral Sands aˆÂ ¦.etc. ) and natural resorts like seaport, mineral littorals and beautiful beaches and hot springs. 2. When sing Trincomalee, seaport is the chief strategic point. The great European powers vied command of the seaport. The Portuguese, the Dutch, the Gallic and the English, each are controlled the Trincomalee. The Trincomalee habour is used as 5th natural seaport in the universe. 3. Most of import factors of the Trincomalee are as follows ; a. Strategically state of affairs B. Major Communication Centre c. Finest Harbour in the World which easy can suit 200 ships inside the habour. 4. The strategic in the Indian Ocean and touches shores of Indian subcontinent in the North of Trincomalee ; Malaysia, Indonesia, and Australia, 5. The Indian Ocean encompasses the Red sea attack to the Suez Canal and the Strait of Malacca. Which is major sea path between the West and Far East? 6. Natural seaport of Trincomalee is at a strategic point for whole part and it besides holding planetary significance in the modern age. Strategic value of seaport is increased due to near the Bay of Bengal. 7. The entryway of seaport is four stat mis broad and five stat mis across. The interior seaport about 12 sq stat mis and a singular characteristic is the great deepness of the interior seaport. 8. When sing major companies in Trincomalee, Indian Oil Company ( IOC ) one of the major companies situated in country. Most of import and strategic confederation is 99 oil armored combat vehicles. Soon controlled by Indian Oil Corporation and Ceylon Petroleum Corporation ( CPC ) , provide oil security to India and Sri Lanka. IOC takes oil armored combat vehicles for long term leasing. The capacity of each oil armored combat vehicles 12,250 kiloliters, situated near the Trincomalee seaport. 9. History of oil armored combat vehicles goes 1930s, built by the British. The intent of brought oil armored combat vehicles from IOC to sale oil in Sri Lanka and this will supply an energy safety cyberspace to Sri Lanka and India if creates petroleum crisis. 10. The United State still fight to take these oil armored combat vehicles, because berthing and refueling for there vass at Trincomalee harbour if it chooses to assail Iraq. 11. Tourism of Trincomalee chiefly depend on hot springs in Kanniya, Dutch ports, seaport, Tiriyaya temple, Swami stone, beaches of Nilaweli and Uppuweli. 12. Most of import Buddhist topographic point in Trincomalee is Tiriyaya temple, located in 35km off. 13. Fishery industry of Trincomalee done by Multi twenty-four hours boats ( over 32 fleets in length ) , one twenty-four hours boats with in board motors 3 A? dozenss ( 28 to 32fleets ) , Fiber Glass Dingy ( FGB ) , traditional boats and Mardel. 14. The mineral sand mill of Pulmudai rhenium opened by authorities the ministry of substructure development. It is worked about 400 workers and it could supply about 130 dozenss of limonite, 15 dozenss of retile, 10 tones of Silicon and 5 dozenss of Monazite per twenty-four hours. The mill produced best quality limonite which was exported to Japan, Russia. RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS 15. Development of Trincomalee will assist to develop the Eastern Region of Sri Lanka. Aim GENERAL OBJECTIVES 16. The purpose of showing this thesis is to see certain salient factors stated under specific aims and to suggest a originative thoughts. Specific OBJECTIVES 17. The specific aims are as follows, a. Harbour of Trincomalee is a strategic point in the whole part holding planetary significance in the modern age and Sri Lanka Port authorization can better port installations. b. Fishery industry and development of piscary seaport. c. Tourism and development of installations to the tourer. d. Encourage private sectors and started new private sectors Scope OF THE STUDY 18. The research is focused to acknowledge. 19. The research covers countries to see for development of Trincomalee. The sample includes fishermen, people who are done occupations in tourer field and peoples populating in Trincomalee and the entire no of 50 individuals questioned. Justification 20. Economy of Trncomalee chiefly depend on piscary industry, tourer Industry and major companies in country. Therefore development of Trincomalee means development of these sectors. The people in Trincomalee is need to give maximal support to set up the economic system of Trincomalee. Relevance 21. The subject of this research it self is about the Trincomalee as an economic Centre for the part which is wholly relevant Trincomalee every bit good as Sri Lanka as a whole. The analysis and informations aggregation was done with the information gathered from peoples go forthing in country and some workers worked in several Fieldss it self. The conditions and the environment to which some personal several Fieldss and some are non in consciousness. 22. Further, the theories and premises extracted state of affairss in other countries in state and foreign states are besides applicable. Besides this paper makes recommendations to accommodate the state of affairs and conditions of the Trincomalee based on the findings of the research. Methodology 23. The survey was started from the Trincomalee with the purpose of obtaining a feedback about the economical degree of the country and to analyze weather economic system goes up every bit expected. 24. The workers of the sectors who were working above sectors upto now and peoples populating in Trincomalee and some responsible individuals of authorities ant private sector. They were interviewed and questioned by prepared questionnaire ( annex A ) to roll up informations. After that random sample of people in different societies were selected to inquiry from a prepared questionnaire. Choice societies are fishermen, workers in private and authorities sector, GA, Divisional Secretary, Premise Manager, Mitsui cement, General Manager IOC, General Manager Prima Lanka. Fifty individuals covering every sector questioned by a prepared questionnaire ( Annex B ) to roll up informations. The primary informations collect from above mentioned methods were analyzed to come to a decision. SAMPALING AND SAMPALING PROCEDURE 25. Random samples were selected as follows. a. Selected authorities and private sector officers. GA Trincomalee, DS Trincomalee, Residence Manager Sri Lanka Port Authority, General Managers of IOC and Prima, Premises Manager Mitsui, Harbour Manager Cod Bay piscary seaport and Assistance Director General Fisheries in Trincomalee. B. Representation sample of people populating in Trincomalee. Random samples of were done 50 Nos of selected individuals are as follows. ( 1 ) 10 nos Fishermans in Trincomalee country. ( 2 ) 10 nos of workers making occupations in touristry field. ( 3 ) 10 nos of workers in private sector. ( 4 ) 10 nos of authorities workers. ( 5 ) 10 nos of random selected people. DATA COLLECTION METHODS 26. The information aggregation methods are as follows. a. Interviews. b. Questionnaires Restriction 27. The clip factor was one of the major restrictions for the conductivity of this research. The readying for the research had merely three months and the figure of words was limited to 5000. 28. Due to clip restraints questionnaire was non translated into Tamil. 29. The information did non capture instruction on an single footing so that information is non included in instance of inaccurate information. Chapter 3 Analyzing THE ECONOMY OF TRINCOMALEE IS DEVELOPED OR DEVELOPING AS EXPECTED 1. Datas were collected through interviews and questionnaire distributed peoples go forthing in Trincomalee country, making occupations under varies subdivisions and look into Trincomalee economically developed or developing as expected. The chief purpose is to demo that Trincomalee how to utilize as an economic Centre for the part. Questionnaire includes 08 inquiries. The English questionnaire is attached as ANNEX A to the research paper. 2. The inquiry no two under the personal specifics are to clear up their field and place. The 3rd inquiry were raised to happen how long he or she in several field, because the research is focused to 2009 and 2010. Harmonizing to the replies given by the several individuals functioning in Trincomalee country in bow than five old ages and boulder clay now. 3. The inquiry figure four discussed the about economic system of Trincomalee. Harmonizing to the replies given by several individuals, economic system of trincomalee under the developing class. After 30 old ages war most of major employers like to come and established in Trincomalee country and besides most tourers like to come and basking in trincomalee. The name called Nagenahira Nawodaya besides making major function to developed the Trincomalee country and upto now undertaking is in advancement. 4. Answers given to oppugn No five, chief factors impacting to the economic system of Tincomalee mostly depends on piscary industry, public sector activities, agribusiness sector and private sectors. The factors affect to the economic development are unemployment, cognition of the people and poorness of people. Most of the people populating in Trincomalee are non good educated because of the fast 30 old ages war and besides no occupations in country. 5. Sing the replies of inquiry no six, all participants thought is Trincomalee non developed country and suggestions are develop the piscary industry, appreciate private sector every bit good as public sector and introduced new things for tourer ( utilizing seaport sailing surfboarding, aˆÂ ¦etc. ) . More development of development of private and authorities sectors aid of authorities and other organisation required ( NGOs ) . 6. Sing replies given to oppugn no seven are as follows. a. The General Manager, Prima Company private Ltd says, giving revenue enhancement reduces and good monetary values for Prima merchandises. The company can give more occupation chances and increase measure of production and besides can acquire chances to export of productions. b. Residence Manager of Trincomalee port under the Sri Lanka Port Authority ( SLPA ) said, The SLPA planned to develop Trincomalee seaport as one of the major port in Sri Lanka and develop port installations like Cranes, container paces and hangers to hive away lading and points. SLPA planned to set up bunkering/ de bunkering installations. c. The authorities agent ( GA ) of Trincomalee said, After the civil struggle the authorities planned to develop territory with the hep of Non Government Organizations and foreign AIDSs. The programmes of Nagenahira Navodaya and Maga Neguma done relocation of internal supplanting people ( IDP ) and the development programmes and Maga Neguma making develop roads in small towns. The authorities planned to develop the tourer industry in Trincomalee. This can make encouraging hotel proprietors, developing beach foreparts and increasing banking and conveyance installations. And asked from new man of affairs s semen and set up in Trincomalee. d. Divisional Secretary ( DS ) of Trincomalee expressed her thought that development programme started to Grama Sevaka ( GS ) divisions and educate poorness and unemployment individuals to get down ego employments and authorities can assist giving low involvement loans and proficient advised by authorities qualified officers. e. The General Manager of IOC said, the company can increase their whole island every bit good as they can assist SLPA to give a bunkering installations of merchandiser ships enter Trincomalee seaport. f. The Premises Manager of Mitsui Cement said the company can increase their productiveness and occupation chances if authorities aid. 7. Answers given to oppugn no eight are sing Tincomalee is non developed territory and developing territory. After civil conflict authorities want developed people populating in Trincomalee want develop a country. Plans of development of Trincomalee are introduced tourer small towns, expand Cod Bay piscary seaport, increased installations of Trincomalee port and set up new private companies in Trincomalee. Chapter 4 Datas THE REASONS OF ECONOMY OF TRINCOMALEE DEVELPOED OR DEVELOPING 1. There are several grounds for the development of Trincomalee really of import. Sri Lanka authorities privation developed the Trincomalee. Therefore authorities started programmed like Nagenahira Navodaya.Trincomalee is a developing territory. It may be, due to the unemployed population, alteration in consumer form, low productiveness, influence of the paramilitary groups, hapless conveyance services and limited banking installations. All these factors called Independent variables. Dependent variables can be affected by these Independent variables. It may be positive consequence or a negative consequence. a. Unemployed population. Most of people populating in Trincomalee have lost there occupations and belongingss due to past civil war struggle. The past war state of affairs was restricted many economic activities in country like piscary industry, agribusiness, bargainers, some authorities farms and mills which has besides resulted in unemployment. Now war is over and authorities invite investors come and invest their concern in Trincomalee country. Other ground of unemployment low educational degree. The ground of low instruction degree due to past war younger coevals lost their instruction and most schools were closed due to war. B. Change in consumer form. Due to past war state of affairs increase the monetary values of indispensable goods and has reduced the ingestion degree, exacerbated by the low income degrees. During past war state of affairs people lived in Trincomalee small towns of near or LTTE controlled countries people faced jobs of nutrient and LTTE do nt give adequate nutrient for these peoples. Now 30 old ages war over rural small towns are under developing with the aid of authorities and non authorities organisations. c. Low productiveness. The deficiency of investings, the cost of production besides goes high and deficiency of loan installations have led down productiveness. The security state of affairs of country besides consequence to straight impact of degrees of productiveness. Fishery industry of Trincomalee really low degree in war clip due to limitations done by authorities. Highly accomplished one is clip f histrion, angling merely twenty-four hours clip 0600hrs to 1800hrs merely and country besides restricted no fishing in high security zone and inner harbour countries. After civil struggle take all the limitations and now they can make their occupation easy without any limitations. d. Influence of the paramilitary groups. Menaces to the concern community extortion and robberies by paramilitary groups have prevented people from doing investings. In war clip it is affected to really severely economic system of Trincomalee. But today besides reported some incidents extortion and robberies done by some unidentified paramilitary groups. Due to this ground most of investors do non like invested in Trincomalee. e. Poor conveyance services. During past war period the conveyance services have been restricted, so that many goods can non be brought into Trincomalee, or merely at prohibitory cost. Now war is over hence no more limitations now everyone can come and what of all time want get to Trincomalee. Other job is sea transit. When merchandiser ship comes no lading / droping installations non available in Trincomalee seaport. There is no Cranes and hanger installations. f. Limited Banking Facilities. The Banks are loath to give loan installations, and demand collateral. All though some authorities Bankss are willing to give loans sum of loan is deficient to back up endeavors and new concern. Especially it is severely effected to the piscary industry and tourer industry. Price of multiday fishing trawler is about 5-6 1000000s and Fiber Glass Dinghy ( FGD ) with OBM ( Out Boat Motor ) and angling cyberspaces about 7 to 9 lakes. The sing tourer industry besides faced investing jobs. If built star category hotels with all installations and set uping tourer countries, more tourers will Trincomalee country. g. Not utilize economic income beginnings. The economic system of Trincomalee mostly depend on, piscary industry, tourer industry every bit good as day-to-day labour and public sector activities. Other chief economic beginning in Trincomalee is natural seaport. Using seaport can developed touristry and fishing industry. Chapter 5 DATA ANALYSIS 1. In carry oning the research sing Trincomalee as an economic Centre for the part, information was collected through a questionnaire distributed among the people populating in Trincomalee country. Questionnaire includes 13 inquiries. The English questionnaire and the Sinhala translated questionnaire are attached as ANNEX B to the research paper. People lives in Trincomaalee were asked to give any replies and show any other remarks on each inquiry. Answers given by people in Trincomalee are individually analyzed and elaborated below. 2. The inquiry no 1 and two are identified age bound and educational degree in the people. Because people of Trincomalee faced civil war in last 30 old ages. Answers given by inquiry No 1, five individuals below 20 old ages old, 19 people age of 20-30 old ages old, 16 persona age of 30-40 old ages old and 10 people age of 40-60 old ages old. Harmonizing to the replies given by the individuals most are age bound of 20-30 old ages old. Answers given by inquiry no 3, twenty three individuals done upto Ordinary Level ( O/L ) , 16 individuals upto Advanced Level ( A/L ) , five individuals upto diploma degree and merely six individuals graduated 3. Development of tourer industry is really of import to develop the economic system of Trincomalee. Harmonizing to the replies given by inquiry no 3, 88 % of peoples thought is present state of affairs of tourer industry is non good. Merely 12 % are think present state of affairs is good. 4. The inquiry No 4 is about the present ongoing development programs of Tourist industry, out of 50 merely six individuals satisfied and all other 40s four non satisfied. Analyzing with above consequence merely 12 % of people satisfied and 88 % of people non satisfied with on-going coders. 5. The purpose of 5th inquiry is find out societal and environmental jobs when developing tourer industry. Out of 50 28 individuals agree to educating society, jobs avoid, out of 50 14 individuals agree to presenting new regulations and ordinances jobs can avoid, out of 50 8 individuals agree to educate of tourer. Sing above consequence 56 % of people agree to educate the people can acquire more consequences, 28 % of people agree to presenting new regulations and ordinances for the tourer industry, 16 % of people in country agree to educate of tourer. Harmonizing to the above informations, it is clear that most of people populating in Trincomalee thought is proper educating most jobs can work out. 6. The purpose of inquiry No 6 is find the present state of affairs of piscary industry. Sing replies given to above inquiry out of 50 22 individuals like to present province of fishing industry and 28 individuals like tourer industry will develop than today. When analysing above inside informations 44 % of people think present state of affairs of piscary industry is good and 56 % of people thought fishery industry required more developments than today. 7. The 7th inquiry was raised to acquire thought what are the countries to develop in piscary industry. Out of 50 14 individuals reply is presenting boats with new engineering in low monetary value. 10 individuals reply is saving of piscaries households. Out of 50 18 individuals reply is good monetary value for merchandises, and 8 individuals reply is above all installations required piscaries household. Sing above consequence 28 % of people like presenting low cost boats with new engineering and 20 % of people like saving of piscaries households and 36 % of people like to acquire a good monetary value for merchandises. Merely 16 % of people like developing all factors. Analyzing above consequences most of people like to acquire good monetary value for merchandises and other factor new boats with engineering. 8. The inquiry No 8 is discussed the how to increase fishery productiveness. Answers given 50 individuals 15 individuals like halt poaching Sri Lankan H2O by other states angling boats and out of 50 18 individuals reply is to give installations to deep H2O fishing. Out of 50 8 individuals select as reply activate present regulations and ordinances and educate the fishermen. Nine individuals answer is halting illegal fishing activities ( Use of Dynamite, Nylon cyberspaces, ..etc ) .Considering replies of above 30 % of people thought halting poaching of Sri Lankan water.36 % of people thought is to give installations for deep H2O fishing. 16 % of people like to trip regulations and ordinances about fishery industry.18 % of people like stop illegal fishing methods. Analyzing replies given to above inquiry most of people thought is giving installations to deep H2O fishing, can increase fish productiveness. 9. The inquiry no 9 attempt happen out willingness/unwillingness of people populating in Trincomalee about multipurpose economical sectors soon situated, like Prima, IOC, Mitsui Cement, aˆÂ ¦etc. Out of 50 39 individuals like present multipurpose economical sectors and merely 11 individuals unlike multipurpose economical sectors. 78 % of people in country like to more multipurpose economic sectors and 22 % of people non like. Sing above inside informations bulk of people like present economical sectors in Trincomalee. The tenth inquiry is asked about good or bad, when stared new multipurpose economical sectors. Sing replies, out of 50 29 individuals reply is really good for set uping new economical sectors. 16 individuals reply is it is good for country and merely 5 individuals is non relevant. 58 % of peoples answer is really good, 32 % of people province this is good and merely 10 % of people answer non relevant. When analysing above inside informations 58 % of people like set up new multipurpose economic sectors in country. 11. The inquiry no 11 cheque, when set uping new multipurpose economical sectors, how to get the better of societal and environment jobs as people populating in country. Out of 50 10 individuals reply is people can command 80 % to 100 % , out of 50 16 individuals reply is people can command 50 % to 80 % . 20 individuals reply is people can command 25 % to 50 % and out of 50 merely 4 individuals reply is people can non command job. Sing above replies, 20 % of people in 80 % to 100 % control, 32 % of people in 50 % to 80 % scope, 40 % of people in 25 % to 50 % scope and merely 8 % of people in can non command this job. Analyzing above replies people can command 25 % to 50 % of societal and environment jobs happening due to set uping new multipurpose economical sectors. 12. The 12th inquiry is to look into the upto now usage of natural resources satisfied, out of 50 15 individuals reply is 10 % to 30 % and 16 individuals reply is 30 % to 60 % .Answer of 20 individuals is 60 % to 90 % and merely two individuals answer is use natural resources 90 % to 100 % . Considering above replies 30 % of people in country said usage of natural resources for the development is 10 % to 30 % , 54 % of people is agree to 30 % to 60 % ,12 % of people answer is 60 % to 90 % and merely 4 % of people think 90 % to 100 % usage to natural resources in country. Analyzing above consequences per centum of usage of natural resources 30 % to 60 % in country, it is non good for development of country. 13. The thirteenth inquiry about the how to utilize of natural resources in decently. Out of 50 10 individuals reply is merely authorities sector take part actively, 32 individuals reply is this can make Local and Foreign Companies and merely 8 individuals reply is do non export natural resorts as a stuff it can export as a ready mate points. Sing above replies of 20 % of people like decently usage of natural resource done by authorities sector, 64 % of people agree to this done by Local / Foreign Companies and merely 16 % of people in country like utilizing natural resources make ready mate points export. Analyzing above consequences bulk of people like this occupation can make Local / Foreign Companies. Harmonizing to all above information revealed that development of Trincomalee will assist to development of eastern part that average hypothesis is proved. Chapter 6 Decision 1. Trincomalee territory has been really earnestly affected by the fast civil struggle, but today war is over and current security state of affairs is stable. Now people do non hold any security job in country. 2. After civil struggle Trincomalee is a cardinal country targeted for development by the authorities. The programmed of Nagenahira Navodaya which aims to develop the Eastern Province and the constitution of Trincomalee as a economical zone in Eastern Province. The under the Eastern Revival Programme that was started in 2007, is a major development programme for three old ages. The chief undertaking of this programme is re colony of IDP, and issues related to regional economic system betterment of substructure and societal activities. 3. Under the development programs there are several development undertakings ongoing. These are route development including concept new Bridgess ( Kinniya and Erakkandi ridges ) and primary instruction. 4. When sing fishery industry on traveling development programs are development of Cod Bay and Oluvil piscary seaport, building new fish market in Trincomalee town and preservation of piscaries households. 5. Tourist industry of Trincomalee is traveling to develop today for the attractive force of beauty of the country. Like nice beaches of Nilaveli and Uppuweli and seven hot H2O springs in Kanniya. Ongoing undertakings are development of star category hotels in country and addition installations ( banking, conveyance, aˆÂ ¦etc. ) . 7. Use of natural resources are now non decently used. Harbour of Trincomalee and mills like mineral sand non decently functioned. Panned programmed are developed Trincomalee seaport with more installations and proper map of Pulmudai mineral sand mill. These are the illustration for natural resources. 8. Multipurpose economic centres like Prima, IOC and Mitsui Cement, will assist to development of economic system in Trincomalee. Get downing same like mills in country, it is really helpful to development in country. 9. When sing all the above factors, developing Trincomalee will assist to development of Eastern Province. Analyzing all the factors hypothesis of survey is proved. Recommendation 1. Based on the consequences of the survey, the undermentioned recommendations are suggested. a. present export market orientated undertakings capital goods, building stuff and raw-materials are permitted to be imported on responsibility free footing. B. Conduct educational programme about importance of instruction. c. Introduce new constructs for tourer industry and increase installations to tourist. d. Today there is no proper topographic point to sell their fish merchandises. This done by 3rd party and existent net income take these people. Therefore recommended to set up good fish market for fishermen and clients in country. e. There is demand to better the legal construction for the illegal fishermen and color fish companies to avoid illegal fishing and catching of color fish. f. Today most of fishermen do non hold installations to deep H2O fishing. Recommended to educate and promote a fishermen to presenting new low cost engineering and present a low cost bank loans to purchase a new boats. g. Started new multipurpose economical sectors in country. It will assist to cut down unemploymancy and increase economic degree in people. h. Use of natural resources in country soon non satisfied. There should be proper program to be prepared, how to used natural resources in efficaciously to develop a economic system in country.

Cambio Numero Seguro Social fraudulento por verdadero

Cambio Numero Seguro Social fraudulento por verdadero Cuando un inmigrante indocumentado trabaja en Estados Unidos utilizando un nà ºmero del Seguro Social falso o que es verdadero pero pertenece a otra persona surge un problema en los casos en los que puede obtener un nà ºmero verdadero a su nombre. Ejemplos en los que se puede obtener un SS verdadero despuà ©s de haber utilizado uno falso Los casos de la Accià ³n Diferida para muchachos y muchachas que llegaron a Estados Unidos siendo nià ±os (DACA, por sus siglas en inglà ©s).Este caso tambià ©n se darà ­a si el USCIS comenzase a aceptar aplicaciones para el programa que se conoce como DAPA, para padres y madres de ciudadanos americanos o residentes permanentes legales. Por ahora, no aplica.Asimismo, puede darse en casos de inmigrantes indocumentados que pueden encontrar un camino hacia su legalizacià ³n. Cà ³mo est el USCIS tratando este tema En los casos de DACA, el Servicio de Inmigracià ³n y Ciudadanà ­a (USCIS, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) ha optado por pedir que NO se enumere en la documentacià ³n de aplicacià ³n de utilizacià ³n de nà ºmeros del Seguro Social fraudulentos por falsos, robados o por ser totalmente inventados. Y ha concedido la aprobacià ³n del permiso de trabajo (EAD, por sus siglas en inglà ©s). Y una vez que se tiene este permiso, ya es posible solicitar una tarjeta del Seguro Social autà ©ntica. Hay que resaltar que para DACA hay que listar sà ³lo el nà ºmero del seguro social que se haya emitido legalmente a nombre del aplicante (por ejemplo, si tuvo un permiso de trabajo y ahora ha expirado o era uno que nunca autorizà ³ a trabajar). Es razonable pensar que se van a seguir las mismas pautas cuando empiece a procesar las peticiones por DAPA. Si bien hay que tener siempre muy presente que sigue estando prohibido utilizar un nà ºmero del Seguro Social falso, inventado o que pertenece a otra persona y que si se descubre puede dar lugar a que las autoridades inicien un procedimiento que puede acabar con una multa, prisià ³n, deportacià ³n o que se denieguen beneficios migratorios. En los casos de indocumentados que creen que se pueden legalizar mediante, por ejemplo, un ajuste de estatus, asesorarse con un abogado ANTES de enviar los papeles al USCIS. Trabajar con el nà ºmero del Seguro Social verdadero y de uno Si se ha tenido un nà ºmero falso pero nunca se ha trabajado con à ©l, buscar un trabajo y utilizar sà ³lo el verdadero.   Si se ha trabajado con un nà ºmero fraudulento hay tres posibles escenarios Dejar el trabajo y buscar uno nuevo y comenzar a utilizar el SS#: esta es la mejor opcià ³n.Comunicrselo al empleador, ya que à ©ste sabà ­a la situacià ³n de que se era indocumentado y los documentos para trabajar eran falsos. Comenzar a trabajar con el nuevo nà ºmero. Esto significa que se deben respetar los salarios mà ­nimos y que hay que pagar todos los impuestos fijados por la ley, tanto el trabajador como el empleador. Antes de hablar con el patrono conviene asesorarse bien con un abogado y tener en cuenta que es posible que la empresa no està © dispuesta al cambio.Comunicrselo al empleador, que no sabà ­a nada de la situacià ³n. Antes de hacer eso hay que asesorarse con un abogado y considerar todas las posibles cosas que pueden ocurrir, entre otras: Despido al momentoQue le digan que lo mejor es irseQue se avise a las autoridades por haber utilizado documentos fraudulentos Quà © no se puede hacer Nunca jams presentarse delante del patrono y decirle que la Seguridad Social te ha dado un nuevo nà ºmero en sustitucià ³n del viejo. Eso es imposible. Cada persona sà ³lo puede tener un mismo nà ºmero a lo largo de toda su vida. No cambia. Si se dice semejante cosa el patrono se da cuenta de que es una mentira y de que posiblemente hay un fraude, y puede denunciarlo. A tener en cuenta Todo lo anterior no es consejo legal para ningà ºn caso concreto. Los temas de utilizacià ³n de documentos falsos o inventados o de otra persona son muy delicados y pueden tener consecuencias extremadamente serias. Lo mejor es asesorarse con un abogado de inmigracià ³n y no comentar con nadie de dà ³nde uno ha sacado su nà ºmero del Seguro Social.

MA205- Elementary Statistics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

MA205- Elementary Statistics - Essay Example e as the central theoremn states that if there is a large number of independent and identiacally distributed random variable, then the distribution of their sum tend to be normally distributed as the number of these variables increase indefinitely therefore the distribution does not have to normally distributed. (c) A sample of 100 taken , probability will be between 198 and 220 Z = mean - X/ standard deviation 198=> 198 - 211/ 9 = -1.444 Z = 0.07493 220 => 220 - 211/ 9 = 1 Z= 0.15865 Area between the two Z points Prob. = 1- (0.07493+0.15865) Prob. = 0.76642 Unit test three 1. 99 %Mean = 2 Standard deviation = 10 SD= SD/ (N)1/2 2. 160 infants Mean = 5.98 SD= 3.5 95% confidence level = (5.98 -( 3.5 X 1.6) X (5.98 +( 3.5 X 1.6) = 95% = 0.38 X 11.58 = 95% 3. (a) Paralyzed (48.0 - (8.1 X 1.04) X (48.0 + (8.1 X 1.04) = 98% (39.576) X (56.424) = 98% None polarized (56.7 - (8.1 X 1.04 ) X (56.7 + (8.1 X1.04 ) = 98% (48.276) X (65.124) = 98% (b) Conclusion The two confidence intervals are different; therefore there is a difference in the two means. 4. (a) Type I: when we reject the null hypothesis when it should be accepted. (b) Type II: when we do not reject the null hypothesis when it should be rejected. (c) Z= 2.33 P value is 0.4901 5. (a) null hypothesis H0 : U Ha : U = 15 (b) t= 0.6107 P value = 0.7269 T critical is greater therefore we accept the null hypothesis 6. (a) H0: U Ha: U =22000 (b) (c) t calculated = 21819/ 1295 = 16.84 T critical = 1.29 T critical is less than T calculated therefore we reject the null hypothesis (d) Because we have rejected the null hypothesis it is still true to state that the tires last 22000 miles... T critical is greater than T calculated so we accept the null hypothesis that the change as a result of training is equal to zero, therefore the training makes some positive change towards those who are mentally retarded.